RNA that transfers amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis is:

RNA that transfers amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis is:

• A. Transfer RNA (tRNA)
• B. Messenger RNA (mRNA)
• C. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
• D. Small interfering RNA (siRNA)

Answer: (A)

The RNA that transfers amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis functions as an adaptor molecule. It carries a specific amino acid and recognizes the corresponding codon on the mRNA through its anticodon, delivering the amino acid to the growing polypeptide chain at the ribosome. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases attach the correct amino acid to this RNA, forming aminoacyl-tRNA ready for incorporation. The ribosome then catalyzes peptide bond formation, using the amino acid carried by each tRNA. Other RNAs have different roles: mRNA provides the code for the protein, rRNA forms and helps catalyze the ribosome's work, and siRNA is involved in gene silencing.

The RNA that transfers amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis functions as an adaptor molecule. It carries a specific amino acid and recognizes the corresponding codon on the mRNA through its anticodon, delivering the amino acid to the growing polypeptide chain at the ribosome. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases attach the correct amino acid to this RNA, forming aminoacyl-tRNA ready for incorporation. The ribosome then catalyzes peptide bond formation, using the amino acid carried by each tRNA. Other RNAs have different roles: mRNA provides the code for the protein, rRNA forms and helps catalyze the ribosome's work, and siRNA is involved in gene silencing.